Adenomectomía extraperitoneal laparoscópica: descripción técnica quirúrgica y resultados preliminares / Laparoscopic extraperitoneal adenomectomy: surgical technique and preliminar results

Objetivos: Analizamos los resultados preliminares de la adenomectomía laparoscópica y su descripción técnica, para el tratamiento de la HBP, en glándulas con un tamaño superior a 60cc. Material y métodos: Entre enero y abril de 2009 hemos realizado 10 adenomectomías laparoscópicas. Realizamos un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo y analizamos los resultados obtenidos en el postoperatorio inmediato. El análisis estadístico descriptivo se realizó con el programa SPSS versión 17. Se describe paso a paso la técnica quirúrgica utilizada. Resultados: No hubo conversión a cirugía abierta en ninguno de los casos, tampoco hubo complicaciones peri-postoperatorias de carácter grave. Ningún paciente requirió transfusión sanguínea. La mediana de la duración de la cirugía fue de 112,5min (80–135). La mediana de estancia hospitalaria fue de 3,5 días (2–5) y el tiempo con sonda vesical de 7 días (3–21). El peso medio del tejido enucleado fue de 62 gramos (40–93). El Qmax postoperatorio fue de 18,8ml/seg y la puntuación media del cuestionario IPSS de 5. Conclusiones: La adenomectomía laparoscópica es una técnica con baja morbilidad y reproducible en centros con experiencia laparoscópica. Serán necesarios estudios prospectivos comparativos con cirugía abierta, para elegir la mejor técnica para nuestros pacientes (AU)

Objective: We analyze the laparascopic adenomectomy preliminar results and describe the surgical technique, for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for glands greater than 60cc. Materials and methods: From January to April 2009 we have performed 10 laparoscopic adenomectomies. We performed a descriptive and retrospective study and early postoperative results were analyzed. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using IPSS 17.0. The surgical technique is described step by step. Results: Conversion to open surgery was not required, and none of the patients had serious peri-operative and post-operative complications. None of the ten patients required blood transfusions. Median operating time was 112,5min (80–135). Median hospital stay was 3,5 days (2–5) and median catheterization period was 7 days (3–21). The median prostate enucleated weight was 62gr. (40–93). The median postoperative Qmax was 18,8ml/seg and the median score of IPSS was 5. Conclusions: Laparoscopic adenomectomy is a low rate morbidity technique and reproducible in centers with laparoscopic skills. Prospective and comparative studies with open surgery will be necessaries to choose the best technique for our patients (AU)

[Laparoscopic extraperitoneal adenomectomy: surgical technique and preliminary results]. / Adenomectomía extraperitoneal laparoscópica: descripción técnica quirúrgica y resultados preliminares.

OBJECTIVE: We analyze the laparascopic adenomectomy preliminary results and describe the surgical technique, for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), for glands greater than 60cc. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From January to April 2009 we have performed 10 laparoscopic adenomectomies. We performed a descriptive and retrospective study and early postoperative results were analyzed. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed using IPSS 17.0. The surgical technique is described step by step. RESULTS: Conversion to open surgery was not required, and none of the patients had serious peri-operative and post-operative complications. None of the ten patients required blood transfusions. Median operating time was 112,5min (80-135). Median hospital stay was 3,5 days (2-5) and median catheterization period was 7 days (3-21). The median prostate enucleated weight was 62gr. (40-93). The median postoperative Qmax was 18,8ml/seg and the median score of IPSS was 5. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic adenomectomy is a low rate morbidity technique and reproducible in centers with laparoscopic skills. Prospective and comparative studies with open surgery will be necessary to choose the best technique for our patients.

Lesión de los cuerpos cavernosos por arma de fuego. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Corpora cavernosa lesion by gunshot. Case study and literature review

La rotura de los cuerpos cavernosos es una lesión de muy baja incidencia. La causa más frecuente es un traumatismo durante el coito. Aún más excepcional es la producida por arma de fuego, en la que lo más habitual es la lesión concomitante de otras estructuras. Mostramos el caso de un paciente que presentó lesión de los cuerpos cavernosos por arma de fuego y se le realizó una exploración quirúrgica de urgencia. Se revisa la literatura existente y se comprueba que, siempre que haya una herida genital por arma de fuego, lo primero que se debe hacer es estabilizar al paciente y lo segundo, una exploración quirúrgica de la región afectada (AU)

Rupture of the corpora cavernosa is a very rare lesion. It occurs most commonly during intercourse. A far more exceptional cause is a gunshot wound; in this case, there are frequently concomitant lesions to other structures. We present the case of a man who suffered a lesion to the corpora cavernosa due to a gunshot and underwent emergency surgery. We reviewed existing literature and verified that the first step in managing a genital gunshot wound is to stabilise the patient, following which we should surgically explore the affected area (AU)

Corpora cavernosa lesion by gunshot. Case study and literature review.

Rupture of the corpora cavernosa is a very rare lesion. It occurs most commonly during intercourse. A far more exceptional cause is a gunshot wound; in this case, there are frequently concomitant lesions to other structures. We present the case of a man who suffered a lesion to the corpora cavernosa due to a gunshot and underwent emergency surgery. We reviewed existing literature and verified that the first step in managing a genital gunshot wound is to stabilise the patient, following which we should surgically explore the affected area.

[Laparoscopic urinary diversions]. / Derivaciones urinarias laparoscópicas.

INTRODUCTION: The treatment of the invasive bladder cancer and the recurrent T1G3 is clearly established in radical cystectomy and pelvic linphadenectomy. One of the fields where the laparoscopic approach implies more doubts is the treatment of bladder cancer, because it requires experience enough in pelvic laparoscopic surgery and the urinary diversion implies great technical difficulties to the laparoscopic approach. OBJECTIVES: The main goal of this article is to report our results with the urinary diversion after laparoscopic radical cystectomy where the ureteral anastomosis has been performed by a laparoscopic approach. METHODS: From January 2005 to December 2007 we have performed 67 laparoscopic radical cistectomies. We conducted 28 laparoscopic urinary diversions with our technique: 7 neobladder with an average age of 54, 85 years and 21 ileal conduit with an average age of 69, 15 years. RESULTS: The averagesurgical time for enterocistoplasty with laparoscopic urethral and ureteral anastomosis is of 5 hours and 30 minutes. For the cutaneous ureteroileostomy with laparoscopic ureteral anastomosis the average surgical time has been of 4 hours and 30 minutes. We have had 1 case of urinary leakage in the laparoscopic neobladder and 3 cases in the laparoscopic ileal conduit (14%). We have not intestinal dehiscence nor ileal-ureteric stenosis. The average hospital stay for laparoscopic neobladder is for the 85% of cases of 13.6 days, and of 11.8 days for the 77.7% of ileal ureteric laparoscopies. DISCUSSION: The laparoscopic radical cystectomy is still a procedure reserved for groups with great experience in laparoscopic surgery. Nowadays, the most accepted procedure by most groups includes perform the cystectomy by a laparoscopic approach and the urinary diversion by an open approach. There is no evidence of the advantages of laparoscopic urinary diversion. It is necessary to perform comparative studies to clearly define the role of laparoscopic surgery in the urinary diversion.

[Treatment of urinary stones with laser in special conditions]. / Tratamiento de la litiasis con láser en condiciones especiales.

During the last decade there has been a rapid development in flexible nephroscopy, flexible ureterorenoscopy, laser lithotripsy and instruments for stone manipulation. We are going to review the use of Laser in the management of lithiasis in different situations. Efforts should be made to minimize renal injury and lasers play a significant role in patients with urolithiasis and horseshoe kidneys, chronic renal failure, neurological patients.

[Laparoscopic radical cystectomy: initial experience]. / Cistectomía radical laparoscópica: experiencia inicial.

OBJECTIVE: To review our initial experience with laparoscopic radical cystectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between September 2004 and June 2006 we performed 16 laparoscopic radical cystectomies (14 males and 2 females) with a median age of 63.8 y.o. (51-85). 12 ileal neobladder (with laparoscopic ileal-urethra anastomosis), 3 cutaneous ureteroileostomies and 1 cutaneous ureterostomy were performed as derivation techniques. Median follow up was 12.4 months RESULTS: Mean operation time was 340 minutes. Estimated blood loss was 350 ml. and 3 cases required intra-op blood transfusion. Mean hospitalization discharged was at 7.6 days. Median linph node dissection was 22.9 finding node metastasis in 6 cases. Most frequent complication was ileo in two cases. No local recurrentes in trocar placement was achieved. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic Radical cystectomy is a challenged long-lasting procedure but with the advantage of a less transfusion rate and short hospital stay. Oncologycal outcomes are similar as tose from open surgery.

Cistectomía radical laparoscópica: experiencia inicial / Laparoscopic radical cystectomy: initial experience

Objetivo: Presentar la experiencia inicial de nuestro grupo en cistectomía radical laparoscópica. Pacientes y métodos: Entre septiembre de 2004 y junio de 2006 hemos realizado 16 cistectomías radicales laparoscópicas, 14 en varones y 2 en mujeres, con una edad media fue de 63,8 años (rango 51-85). Se realizaron 12 neovejigas ileales (anastomosis uretro-neovesical laparoscópica), 3 ureteroileostomías cutáneas y 1 ureterostomía cutánea. El seguimiento medio fue de 12,4 meses. Resultados: La duración media de la cirugía fue de 340 minutos. La hemorragia media fue de 350 ml, requiriendo 3 pacientes transfusión intraoperatoria. La estancia hospitalaria media fue de 7,6 días. Se extrajeron una media de 22,9 ganglios, presentando metástasis ganglionares 6 de los 16 pacientes. La complicación más frecuente fue íleo paralítico en dos casos. No se han producido recidivas locales ni implantes en los puntos de inserción de los trócares. Conclusiones: La cistectomía radical laparoscópica es una técnica compleja, con un alto tiempo quirúrgico que se ve compensado por la menor tasa de transfusión y la menor estancia hospitalaria. Los resultados oncológicos iniciales son superponibles a los de la cirugía abierta

Objective: To review our initial experience with laparoscopic radical cystectomy. Patients and methods.- Between September 2004 and June 2006 we performed 16 laparoscopic radical cystectomies (14 males and 2 females) with a median age of 63.8 y.o. (51-85). 12 ileal neobladder (with laparoscopic ileal-urethra anastomosis), 3 cutaneous ureteroileostomies and 1 cutaneous ureterostomy were performed as derivation techniques. Median follow up was 12.4 months Resoults: Mean operation time was 340 minutes. Estimated blood loss was 350ml. and 3 cases required intra-op blood transfusión. Mean hospitalization discharged was at 7.6 days. Median linph node dissection was 22.9 finding node metastasis in 6 cases. Most frequent complication was ileo in two cases. No local recurrentes in trocar placement was achieved. Conclusions: Laparoscopic Radical cystectomy is a challenged long-lasting procedure but with the advantage of a less transfusión rate and short hospital stay. Oncologycal outcomes are similar as tose from open surgery

[Evaluation and treatment of kidney penetrating wounds]. / Evaluation et traitement des plaies pénétrantes du rein.

Penetrating lesions of the kidney are less frequent than closed wounds. However, their incidence has increased these past decades, in relation with the augmentation of urban violence. The main causes of penetrating wounds are knives and firearms, with a related rate of renal lesions more important in the second case. The treatment of renal traumas has evolved these past years. Previously, surgical investigations were systematically indicated in most cases, which was associated with an elevated number of nephrectomies. Today, the development of new diagnostic imaging techniques available in most emergency units allows in certain cases the replacement of therapy by a strict follow-up of the patient, the objective being to preserve the kidney. The principal diagnostic investigation is CT scanning with injection of a contrast product, which is useful to adequately classify renal lesions and to make decision regarding the best first-line therapeutic management. In case of penetrating lesion, the first step is the evaluation of the haemodynamic condition of the patient. In case of haemodynamic instability, immediate surgical investigation is necessary. Conversely, if the patient is stable, CT with delayed imaging must be carried out. For grade I and II renal lesions, therapeutic abstention is recommended. Grade III and IV lesions associated with other intraperitoneal lesions that require emergency laparotomy must be surgically investigated and in these cases, reconstructive surgery or nephrectomy must be considered. Most grade IV lesions associated with a lesion of the renal hilus and grade V lesions must be referred to surgery. Minor renal lesions may not be treated; such cases necessitate a follow-up of the patient that should include successive assessments of the haemoglobin and the haematocrite, together with CT and ultrasonographic investigations aimed at the follow-up of lesion evolution and detection of potential urinomas or prolonged bleedings. The progressive decrease of the haematocrite and arteriovenous fistulae must be treated first by an embolization. Untreated patients with persistent urinary fistulae will undergo, if necessary, ureteral catheterization and percutaneous drainage of the urinoma.

[Development of a laparoscopic radical prostatectomy program in an university center]. / Implantación de un programa de prostatectomía radical laparoscópica.

The aim of this article is to report our experience in setting up a laparoscopic radical prostatectomy programme. We believe that knowledge of the difficulties we faced at the start will be useful for those who wish to implement a programme like ours. We hope that by explaining the steps we took as well as our conclusions and recommendations this difficult task can be made easier.